Coastal Services Center

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

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SeaWiFs


Graphic of the SeaWiFs satellite

Summary

The OrbView-2/SeaWiFs (Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor) instrument is designed to monitor the color of the world's oceans. Subtle changes in the ocean's color result from changes in the concentrations of marine phytoplankton, resuspended sediment, and dissolved substances in the water column. Data from SeaWiFs provide insight into our understanding of the marine ecosystem and the ocean's role in the global carbon and other biogeochemical cycles. The OrbView-2/SeaWiFs sensor is a joint effort between Orbital Imaging Corporation (OrbImage) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).

Timeline graphic showing how SeaWiFs was launched August 1, 1997


Different Data Products

Point to the names below to view the different data products.

Chlorophyll a Concentration

Rollover examples of different data products

Rollover text (follow links for text version)

Attenuation at 490 nm
Photosynthetically
Active Radiation (PAR)
Normalized Difference
Vegetation Index (NDVI)

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Applied Uses

Examples of how SeaWiFs data are being used:

Thumbnail graphic of a SeaWiFs Image

Monitoring Phytoplankton Levels
The Massachusetts Water Resource Authority is using SeaWiFs as part of a monitoring program for Boston Harbor and surrounding areas following relocation of a sewage outfall.

Thumbnail graphic of the Harmful Algal Bloom Bulletin

Monitoring Harmful Algal Blooms (HAB)
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) is using SeaWiFs to assist Gulf of Mexico states in the monitoring of red tides.


Other Potential Uses:

  • Marine Mammal Tracking
  • Preferred Sea Turtle Habitat
  • Commercial and Sport Fisheries
  • Monitoring Wildfires Using Smoke
  • Monitoring Coral Reefs

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Specifications

Spatial resolution – 1.1 kilometers at nadir

Spectral resolution
BandWavelengthColor
1402 - 422 nmViolet
2433 - 453 nmBlue
3480-500 nmBlue
4500-520 nmGreen
5545-565 nmGreen
6660-680 nmOrange
7745-785 nmNear-Infrared
8845-885 nmInfrared

Temporal Resolution – 1-day revisit time

Swath Width – 2,801 kilometers

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Data Ordering Details

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Data Acquisition
The satellite is operated under a joint agreement between OrbImage and NASA. Real-time imagery and all imagery for commercial uses can be purchased directly from OrbImage. Imagery older than two weeks may be acquired for research and educational use from NASA.

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Timing
Allow 1 to 3 days to acquire the data.
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Cost
Data are available as raw spectral values and as processed chlorophyll images. Both types are available from OrbImage. Prices may vary depending on the level of processing requested and the license agreement.
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Data Formats/Software Needed

The standard data formats are HDF (Hierarchical Data Format), binary raster, ASCII, GIF, and TIF.

ASCII, GIF, and TIF formats can be viewed with several graphics software packages. Binary raster format requires image processing software or geographical information system (GIS) software such as ESRI ArcView® or ArcGIS® with a Spatial Analyst® extension. Hierarchical Data Format (HDF) requires image processing software such as SeaWiFs Data Analysis Software® (SeaDAS). SeaDAS is recommended if uncorrected data are acquired. This software provides processes for atmospheric correction, application of various algorithms, and image projections.

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Projections

Datum - sphere

Processed data are available from OrbImage in the equal-distant cylindrical projection. Unprojected data are also available.

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Licensing

Licensing agreements must be negotiated with OrbImage.

Data acquired from the NASA SeaWiFs project are limited to research and educational uses.


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Frequently Asked Questions

Data Acquisition

Who produces the data?
The sensor is the result of a joint agreement between OrbImage and NASA. OrbImage has the rights to use and distribute OrbView-2/SeaWiFs data commercially. Use of NASA data is restricted to research and educational purposes.

Where do I get it?
Imagery can be purchased directly from OrbImage.

Images that are greater than two weeks old may also be acquired from the NASA SeaWiFs project free of charge; however, use of data from NASA is limited to research and educational purposes. Users must have a letter of approval from NASA to acquire data.

Can I download the data on-line?
OrbImage offers an on-line catalog
browse capability; purchased data can be delivered via e-mail, tape, CD, or FTP. The NASA SeaWiFs project also offers a global browse capability; requested data can be delivered via tape or FTP.

General Questions

Can a GIS technician with some remote sensing experience pick up these data sets and use them?
If the image is provided in GIF or TIF formats, it can be easily viewed in common GIS packages. Data in more complex formats such as HDF or binary raster will require an intermediate level of processing and manipulation to integrate it with other types of data.

Do these data require a trained technical person to analyze the data?
Some knowledge of oceanography is useful in the interpretation of the imagery. If users require an alternate algorithm to calculate chlorophyll or another type of product (e.g., turbidity, true color), they will need training in SeaDAS to create the image. Alternatively, OrbImage provides processing services and may be contracted to create the required product.

Is freeware available for using these data?
SeaDAS processing software developed by NASA is available free of charge for use with SeaWiFs and other ocean color imagery. It is available for use on the following platforms:

  • Silicon Graphics Inc. (SGI)
  • SUN: Solaris
  • PC workstations

See seadas.gsfc.nasa.gov for additional information.

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For more Information

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